Deep Ancestry by Spencer Wells

Author:Spencer Wells
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Publisher: National Geographic Society
Published: 2006-06-19T16:00:00+00:00

Figure 4. Periodic fluctuations in climate have caused the Sahara to shrink considerably compared to today’s wide distribution.

EURASIAN ADAM AND EVE

Virumandi’s defining marker, M130, does not occur in isolation—it also had ancestors. Tracing its roots brings us to a very important marker indeed—M168. It first occurred in a man who was born between 50,000 to 60,000 years ago, probably in northeastern Africa. This man gave rise to the great coastal exodus that led to India and on to Australia. And one of his great-, great-…grandsons, a few thousand years later, also gave rise to the M89 lineage that left Africa for the Middle East.

On the female side, a single mtDNA type—carried by one woman—gave rise to both of the M and N lineages found outside of Africa. Her lineage, L3a, began around 60,000 years ago, roughly contemporaneous with M168.Together, M168 and L3a constitute a Eurasian Adam and Eve—everyone in Eurasia and consequently the Americas traces their lines of descent on their mother and father’s sides of the family back to them. They are the maternal and paternal ancestors who gave rise to 85 percent of the world’s population.

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